Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. The body's immune system generates antibodies whilst the infection is running its course. The antibodies then fight the virus and afterwards, provide permanent immunity. It is very rare for one person to have two or more bouts of chickenpox.

Symptoms

A slight fever, stomach ache and general unwellness may be present two days prior to a rash appearing. On the first day a rash of small red patches about 3-4mm in diameter usually appear on the scalp, face and back spreading to other parts of the body. Within a few hours of these developing, small blisters appear in the centre of these patches.

During the next three or four days further patches will appear and the earlier ones will turn 'crusty' and fall off.

Causes

Chickenpox is a viral infection spread via sneezing, coughing, infected clothing and contact with chickenpox blisters

Treatment

Oily calamine lotion may be applied to soothe the often severe itching. Cool baths may also help. Give paracetamol or ibuprofen to help reduce a fever.

Prevention

Obviously you can keep your child away from others with chickenpox (it is highly contagious), but it is a common belief that children should contract chickenpox in their childhood as having the illness in adulthood is considerably more uncomfortable.

Seek medical advice

Seek advice from your healthcare professional if...

• your child has suspected chicken pox and a serious illness or is taking steroids
• sores appear in the eyes
• there is unexpected bruising
• there is a fever
• the itching is severe

Recommended web sites

Information from Best Treatments about chickenpox.

Information from the BBC about chickenpox.